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P1 照明发展史 P2 塔斯马尼亚虎 Tasmanian Tiger P3 女性领导力 朗阁讲师高川川点评 1. 本场考试的难度偏简单。配对题再次出现人名观点配对，段落信息配对题，其他题型主要还是填空，判断和选择。 2. 整体分析：涉及社会类(P1)、动物类(P2)、社会类(P3)。 本次考试第一篇暂时没有收到题型和题量分布的反馈，但是依然是填空+判断的常规搭配形式，难度不大。第二篇文章是16，17，18年多次考到的旧题，文章也已经收录在机经里。第三篇文章为新题，但是话题较为简单易懂，文章难度不大，学生的反馈是有出现判断题+段落信息配对题。 3. 部分答案及参考文章： Passage 1：照明发展史 填空+判断(具体题量和文章待确认) Passage 2：塔斯马尼亚虎 Tasmanian Tiger 题型：Summary填空 4+人名观点配对6+单选3 参考答案： 14. black stripes 15. 12 million 16. Australia 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 参考文章与题目： Tasmanian Tiger 塔斯马尼亚虎 Although it was called tiger, it looked like a dog with black stripes on its back and it was the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modem times. Yet, despite its fame for being one of the most fabled animals in the world, it is one of the least understood of Tasmania's native animals. The scientific name for the Tasmanian tiger is Thylacine and it is believed that they have become extinct in the 20th century. Fossils of thylacines dating from about almost 12 million years ago have been dug up at various places in Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia. They were widespread in Australia 7000 years ago but have probably been extinct on the continent for 2000 years. This is believed to be because of the introduction of dingoes around 8000 years ago. Because of disease, thylacine numbers may have been declining in Tasmania at the time of European settlement 200 years ago, but the decline was certainly accelerated by tile new arrivals. The last known Tasmanian Tiger died in Hobart Zoo in 1936 and the animal is officially assailed extinct. Technically, this means that it has not been officially sighted in the wild or captivity for 50 years. However, there are still unsubstantiated sightings. Hans Naarding, whose study of animal had taken him around the world, was conducting a survey of a species of endangered migratory, bird. What he saw that night is now regarded as the most credible sighting recorded of thylacine that many believe has been extinct for more than 70 years. "I had to work at night",Naarding Hikes up the story. "I was in the habit of intermittently shining a spotlight around. The beam fell on an animal in front of the vehicle, less than 10m away. Instead of risking movement by grabbing for a camera, I decided to register very carefully what I was seeing. The animal was about the size of a small shepherd dog, a very healthy male in prime condition. What set it apart from a dog, though, was a slightly sloping headquarter with a fairly thick tail being a straight continuation of the backline of the animal. It had 12 distinct stripes on its hack, continuing onto its butt. I knew perfectly well what I was seeing. As soon as I reached for the camera, it disappeared into the tea-tree undergrowth and scrub." The director of Tasmania's National parks at the time, Peter Morrow, decided in his wisdom to keep Naarding's sighting of the thylacine secret for two years. When the news finally broke, it was accompanied by pandemonium. I was besieged by television crews, including four to five from Japan, and others from the United Kingdom, Germany, New Zealand and South America, said Naarding. Government and private search parties combed the region, but no further sightings were made. The tiger, as always, had escaped to its lair, a place many insist exists only in our imagination. But since then, the thylacine has staged something of a comeback, becoming part of Australian mythology. There have been more than 4,000 claimed sightings of the beast since it supposedly died out, and the average claims each year reported to authorities now number 150. Associate professor of zoology at the University of Tasmania, Randolph Rose, has said he dreams of seeing a thylacine. But Rose, who in his 35 years in Tasmanian academia has fielded countless reports of thylacine sightings, is now convinced that his dream will go unfulfilled. "The consensus among conservationists is that, usually, any animal with a population base of less than 1,000 is headed for extinction within 60 years,” says Rose. “Sixty years ago, there was only one thylacine that we know of, and that was in Hobart Zoo, he says. Dr. David Pemberton, curator of zoology at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, whose PhD thesis was on the thylacine, says that despite scientific thinking that 500 animals are required to sustain a population, the Florida panther is down to a dozen or so animals and, while it does have some inbreeding problems, is still ticking along. Morrow take a punt and say that, if we manage to find a thylacine in the scrub, it means that there are 50-plus animals out there. After all, animals can be notoriously elusive. The strange fish known as the coelacanth, with its "proto-legs", was thought to have died out along with the dinosaurs 700 million years ago until a specimen was dragged to the surface in a shark net off the south-east coast of South Africa in 1938. Wildlife biologist Nick Mooney has the unenviable task of investigating all of lie tiger totaling 4,000 since the mid-1930s and averaging about 150 a year. It was Mooney who was first consulted late last month about the authenticity of digital photographic images purportedly taken by a German tourist while on a recent bushwalk in the state. On face value, Mooney says, the account of the sighting, and the two photographs submitted as proof, amount to one of the most convincing cases for the species' survival he has seen. And Mooney has seen it all—the mistakes, the hoaxes, the illusions and the plausible accounts of sightings. Hoaxers aside, most people who report sightings end up believing they have seen a thylaeine and are themselves believable to the point they could pass a lie-detector test, according to Mooney. Others, having tabled a creditable report, then become utterly obsessed like the Tasmanian who has registered 99 thylacine sightings to date. Mooney has seen individuals bankrupted by the obsession, and families destroyed. "It is a blind optimism that something is, rather than a cynicism that something isn’t,” Mooney says. “If something crosses the road, it’s not a case of ‘I wonder what that was? Rather, it is a case of 'that's a thylacine!' It is a bit like a gold prospector's blind faith, "it has got to be there". However, Mooney treats all reports on face value. I never try to embarrass people or make fools of them. But the fact that I don't pack the car immediately they ring can often be taken as ridicule. Obsessive characters get irate that someone in my position is not out there when they think the thylacine is there." But Hans Naarding, whose sighting of a striped animal two decades ago was the highlight of Ma life of animal spotting", remains bemused by the time and money people waste on tiger searches. He says resources would be better applied to saving the Tasmanian devil and helping migratory bird populations that are declining as a result of shrinking wetlands across Australia. Could the thylacine still be out there? Naarding says. But he also says any discovery of surviving thylacines would be Mooney pointless". How do you save a species from extinction? What could you do with it? If there are thylacines out there, they are better off right where they are." Questions 14-17 Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet. The Tasmanian tiger, also called thylacine, resembles the look of a dog and has 14_________onitsfUrcoat.M£inyfossilshavebeenfound，showing that thylacines had existed as early as 15______________years ago. They lived throughout 16________ before disappearing from the mainland. And soon after the 17___________ settlers arrived the size of thylacine population in Tasmania shrunk at a higher speed. Questions 18-23 Look at the following statements (Questions 18-23) and the list of people below. Match each statement with the correct person, A, B, C or D, Write the correct letter A, B, C or Dt in boxes 18-23 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 18. His report of seeing a live thylacine in the wild attracted international interest. 19. Many eye-witnesses1 reports are not trustworthy. 20. It doesnJ t require a certain number of animals to ensure the survival of a species. 21. There is no hope of finding a surviving Tasmanian tiger. 22. Do not disturb them if there are any Tasmanian tigers still living today. 23. The interpretation of evidence can be affected by people's beliefs. List of People A Hans Naarding B Randolph Rose C David Pemberton D Nick Mooney Questions 24-26 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D. Write the correct letter in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet. 24. Hans Narrding’s sighting has resulted in A. government and organizations’ cooperative efforts to protect thylacine B. extensive interests to find a living thylacine C. increase of the number of reports of thylacine worldwide D. growth of popularity of thylacine in literature 25. The example of coelacanth is to illustrate A. it lived in the same period with dinosaurs B. how dinosaurs evolved legs C. some animals are difficult to catch in the wild D. extinction of certain species can be mistaken 26. Mooney believes that all sighting reports should be A. given some credit as they claim even if they are untrue B. acted upon immediately C. viewed as equally untrustworthy D. questioned and carefully investigated Passage 3：女性领导力 题型：段落信息配对+判断(具体题量和文章内容待确认) 考试预测 1. 本场考试出现了两种类型的配对题，人名观点和段落细节的配对，但是分布在两篇文章里，总题量超过10题。其他的题型依然是常规的填空，判断和选择题，可见基础题型的重要性。下场考试常规题型必看，还要关注配对题和它的常见篇章搭配，注意做题时间的分配和篇章定位方法的灵活使用。 2. 下场考试的话题可能有关社会类，动物类和管理类。 3. 重点浏览2016到2018年机经。 (责任编辑：jasmine) |
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